The Negative Effects of Violence on TV Essay Free Essays

The total of power on broadcasting presents is inacceptable. The stuff that you see on shows that are â€Å"supposedly for kids† just don’t appear it. As increasingly more rough broadcasting shows and plans are disclosed each individual dim. We will compose a custom paper test on The Negative Effects of Violence on TV Essay or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now childs are influenced by it in a negative way. Surveies have indicated that revelations of power to childs at early ages will affect them intellectually. They will either get down to accept nil of power. or on the other hand be over-scared due to what he/she may hold seen on Television. The Television stations ought to non be permitted to uncover this kind of stuff and power to childs at such early ages. on account of the delayed consequences it will hang on the teenagers and children. Most importantly. there is way exorbitantly much power on broadcasting whether it is on some head cut channel. or on the other hand even a Saturday forenoon sketch plan. For some chief clasp Television appears. there are three to five hours savage Acts of the Apostless per hr. For each Saturday plan for childs. there are around twenty to 25 rough Acts of the Apostless per hr. ( Frazier ) This shows how much power there is on â€Å"children shows† . In an example for the National Television Violence Study. it was discovered that around 60 for every centum of ten-thousand broadcasting plans contained vicious stuff. ( Kunkel ) That is a bunch! That overview â€Å"identified a standard of 6. 000 fierce collaborations in an individual hebdomad of programming over the 23 channels that were analyzed. counting both communicate and abroad wire networks. The greater part of the rough shows ( 53 % ) contained lethal Acts of the Apostless. what's more, one of every four of the plans with power ( 25 % ) portrayed the utilization of a firearm. ( Kunkel ) That implies that the main part of broadcasting appears. regardless of whether for kids or non. will hold power on that arrangement the greater part the time. ) Statisticss other than demonstrated that the mean arrangement for kids all the more as often as possible contained more power so the mean Adult Television. Indeed, even in some â€Å"G† evaluated films. there is power. That is unreasonably unfortunate especially in view of the impacts it causes. Presently. in the event that you put that detail alongside how much children sit in front of the Television day by day. â€Å"An mean American child tickers broadcasting 21-23 hours for every hebdomad. ( Frazier ) That implies per hebdomad. 60 for each centum of those 20s or so hours will hold something savage that will hold a negative outcome on the children. Other than. blending to the American Psychiatric Association in 1996. youngsters will hold saw 10. 000 phony slayings and 200. 000 Acts of the Apostless of power by the age of 18. ( Frazier ) Besides rehashed presentation to constrain from broadcasting is undesirable for the child’s character. With childs being around power while viewing â€Å"kid’s shows† . â€Å"the kid turns out to be less delicate towards its consequences for casualties and the human suffering it causes. ( Boyse ) Exploration has demonstrated in the past mature ages that the power on broadcasts so has a negative outcome on kids. Exploration from the National Institute of Mental Health in 1982. power is said to take to forceful conduct by children and young people. Indeed, even before this. one of the most notable surveies done in 1963 by Bandura demonstrated that power has a significant result on the individuals that see it. â€Å"He had a gathering of children see a Television image of a hypothetical record who kicked and rebuffed a hyperbolic plastic doll. After the screening. the children were set in an uproar live with different children who had non seen the image. Those that saw the image showed fundamentally more forceful conduct than the individuals who didn’t. † Other surveies indicated that childs who saw brutal sketchs had a high chance to non divide their toys with others. Another study made in 1972 with Liebert and Baron. affirmed the discoveries of Bandura. â€Å"This review explored children’s eagerness to throb different children in the wake of sing forceful Television plans. Two gatherings of children viewed an alternate Television plan. one of which had forceful substance and one of which was generic. The individuals who saw the forceful arrangement ( The Untouchables ) were seen as all the more ready to throb another child in the wake of sing the arrangement than the individuals who viewed the generic arrangement ( a way race ) . † ( Frazier ) These hurtful impacts from the power depicted on broadcasting are gathered into three essential classs ; â€Å"children’s securing of forceful mentalities and practices ; desensitization. or on the other hand an expanded mercilessness towards casualties of power ; and expanded or exaggerated dread of being deceived forcibly. While these impacts reflect ominous outcomes. it is the first †an expanded inclining for rough conduct †that is at the core of open health worry about broadcast power. † ( Kunkel ) Back to desensitization. â€Å"According to the article â€Å"Media Violence. † the American media shows saints reasonably using power as an organization to choose battle. The American Academy of Pediatrics site recommends that attracted out presentation to this sort of power increments trustworthiness of power as an office of maintain excursion sources of income. The 1995 to 1997 AAP National Television Study indicated that 61 for each centum of programming â€Å"portrayed relational power. quite a bit of it in an engaging or glamorized mode. † Children are attracted to such booking when the brutal demonstration appears to be phantasmagoric and the insufficiency of impact appealing. † ( Adams ) He other than expressed that power is both sterilized. â€Å"By cleaned. quick harming and desolation by survivors of power is remembered for not exactly 50% of all scenes of power. In excess of a third of vicious associations portray ridiculously mellow injury to casualties. terribly limiting the disagreeableness of hurt that would occur from such activities in the existent universe. In sum. most word pictures purify power by doing it appear to be substantially less difficult and less hurtful than it really is. By glamorized. I imply that power is performed by appealing capacity hypothetical records who are regularly defended for moving strongly and who endure no contrition. horrible judgment. or on the other hand discipline for their rough conduct. In excess of a third of all power is submitted by alluring characters. what's more, more than 66% of the power they submit happens with no signs of punishment. † ( Kunkel ) One other employment children may defy is overexposure to constrain. â€Å"Overexposure to constrain. also, unconventionally reasonably portrayed power. may take children to accept that the universe is essentially a perilous and shaky topographic point. They may get down to misrepresent the likelihood that they will be casualties of power. go forthing them with undue uneasiness and accentuation. ( Frazier ) Other than doing enthusiastic occupations. it can do some damage to a child’s turning character or moral thought processes. â€Å"Sigmund Freud accepted that children need to build up a feeling of ethical quality by the age of five or they could see inconveniences further down the road. On the off chance that a child doesn’t figure out how to comprehend the distinction among right and off base. she will non build up an appropriate dread of blame or contrition. also, will consequently be bound to arraign thoughtlessly in practices that are considered socially and ethically inaccurate. The article â€Å"Children. Young people. furthermore, Television† states that examination has indicated broadcasting power to hold a negative result on the scholastic open introduction. sexual orientation. natural structure builds. also, mental self portraits of youthful survey crowds. which can take to savage or forceful conduct and substance abuse. † ( Adams ) Nowadays. with these â€Å"reality shows† on MTV. The E Network. and so on it’s simple and ordinary to see power. Childs that watch â€Å"The Kardashians† and â€Å"Teen Mom† see their preferred popular people act in a way that is amateurish on broadcasting. be that as it may, they don’t know better. They need to be just similar to them. Network shows like those truly use power and â€Å"incidents† to help raise their assessment and fame. ( Caning ) With these psychological impacts caused from exorbitantly much screening of power. this demonstrates how broadcasting booking should be increasingly touchy for the substance made for kids. In add-on. guardians ought to other than look for and loan in filtrating what their children watch on broadcasting. There are diverse stairss you can take. that would perchance be able to let your child to non be presented to such power on Television appears. You can look for and watch broadcasting with your childs. That way. you’ll realize what they watch. what's more, you can order the substance. ( Boyse ) Other alternatives incorporate seeing the substance of the arrangement or potentially just doling out them a shorter whole of clasp to sit in front of the Television. At any rate that way. there is a littler open door for power in the littler clasp space. ( Frazier ) One other great way to keep up your child’s mind off of broadcasting is look for and secure them included like different exercises. Sports. perusing. occupations. and so on ; anything like that. Another great idea is look for and address your childs about power in media. In the event that you can explain to them why power is off base. so you can be progressively eased and swear them. ( Boyse ) Good imparting is cardinal. On the off chance that you attempt to change over to your child that you are just looking to be concerned and mindful. they’ll comprehend the point you are trying to do. In choice. I accept that children merit better than what is by and by going on. As their capacity hypothetical records. we have to help do their â€Å"future† safe. We have to restrict all power from children’s planning. TV slots shouldn’t be permitted to uncover wrong stuff and power to

The Accounting Cycle Steps Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Accounting Cycle Steps - Research Paper Example A portion of the fiscal reports arranged during the bookkeeping cycle incorporate the accounting report, the pay articulation, explanation of investors value, just as the income proclamation (Agtarap-San, 2007). The bookkeeping cycle may happen with respect to time in which the association readies its fiscal summaries. For instance, a business may set up its fiscal reports on a yearly, quarterly, or month to month premise (Warren, 2010). This paper will talk about the means of the bookkeeping cycle directly from the chronicle of exchanges to getting ready of budget reports. The Ten Steps of the Accounting Cycle Step 1-Analyzing Transactions There are ten stages engaged with the bookkeeping cycle; stage one to three happen during the whole bookkeeping time frame while different strides from four ten happen toward the finish of a bookkeeping period. The initial step incorporates the examining of exchanges. In this progression, an association take a gander at the source archives, which incorporate the portrayal of the occasions and exchanges. Source archives can either incorporate electronic sources or printed copies. A portion of the source reports that the association dissects during this progression incorporate checks, bank articulations, just as buy orders. The bookkeeping division of the association ought to get all the source reports from different offices (Warren, 2010). Stage 2-Journalize The second step in the bookkeeping cycle includes getting ready diary passages, which is performed after the investigation of source reports, occasions, and exchanges. During this progression, the organization’s bookkeeper utilizes the twofold passage bookkeeping technique and rules to journalize. Along these lines, there ought to record of exchanges in two records; also, there is a necessity that the credits must be equivalent to the charges. Upon the utilization of the charge and credit controls, the exchanges are then recorded in a diary. A diary involves a reco rd that has the total exchanges (Agtarap-San, 2007). Stage 3-Posting The third step in the bookkeeping cycle incorporates posting, which involves the exchange of data from the diary passages in the diary to the record. The diary section, involving both the charge and credit passages is posted in the record with both the credit and charge exchanges. Along these lines, the posting step is the essential exchange of credits and charges from the diary and moving them to the record. Before they are presented on the record, the diary passages ought to be examined to guarantee that they are exact (Warren, 2010). Stage 4-Trial Balance The fourth step incorporates the arrangement of a balanced preliminary parity, which alludes to a rundown including all records, just as their equalizations. The data utilized in the arrangement of the preliminary equalization is gotten from the record, with the record adjusts from the record being utilized in setting up a preliminary parity. In the preliminary parity, there is posting of exchanges in the charge and credit segment (Agtarap-San, 2007). Stage 5-Preparing Adjusting passages The fifth step of the bookkeeping cycle subtleties the planning of modifying sections, which includes changing the risk or resource record to its real sum. What's more, the modifying of diary passages additionally subtleties the refreshing of the cost or income account. To begin with, there is recording of the modifying sections in the general diary, after which they might be presented on the

A Night at the Office

A Night at the Office As a news editor for The Tech, every couple weeks, I have the pleasure of spending a Monday night or Thursday night in the newspapers office in the Student Center. Last night was one of those nights; let me guide you through the laborious process: 6:19pm: I arrive at the Tech office twenty minutes late; articles are nominally due at 6pm, so it would make sense that I should be there. That often doesnt happen, as you will gradually see here. 6:30pm: Those in the office dig into the bi-weekly offering of free food; even though the food (wings!) has been in the office for quite some time, so people know when to show up in the office, no one is permitted to touch it until exactly 6:30pm. 7:06pm: The first draft of the article of the night â€" on McCormick transfers â€" is finished. 7:28pm: Its tough when writers have to balance their articles with their problem sets. In light of that, one of our writers (Rebecca 14) asks, “Whens the latest I can get my article to you?, to which I respond, “Whens the earliest you can get it to me? Ultimately, we agree on 8:30pm. 7:51pm: The office gets a call from our chairman â€" Joe 12 â€" notifying us that theres free ice cream at the coffeehouse on the third floor of the Student Center! Several people, including myself dash out to claim our portions. 7:52pm: Our editor-in-chief â€" Ethan 12 â€" chastises our chairman for telling us about the ice cream when were not permitted to have any until 8pm. I mean, its issue night and he drew working people (the EIC and myself included) away from the issue! 8:00pm: And its not even ice cream; its ice cream cake. 8:22pm: Several people inquire about the ETA of Rebeccas article. I mention the 8:30pm time agreed by the two of us and the fact that Im still looking at the McCormick article so Im not dying to see it at this moment. 8:28pm: Rebecca sends in her article. See! Dont doubt your writers! 8:53pm: Im finally finished working on the McCormick article. In the interest of saving myself a little bit of face, part of the reason it took so long to edit it â€" aside from my multi-tasking with editing Wikipedia â€" was the fact that in the interim at looked at another article in progress. Okay, this is still a long time. 9:35pm: Ethan comes up to not-so-subtly cough about the slow progress of the news, to which I note the decreased efficiency of the office due to the relocation of the water cooler. Trust me; it makes a serious difference. 9:38pm: The article on women faculty, coming in at 1,600 words, is much longer than your average article (which is somewhere around 600-700 words). I have been working with its writer â€" Margaret 13 â€" on reorganization, while taking pride in loudly announcing some of the pieces most inspirational quotes, including “All anyone wants to be labeled is smart! Yes, Professor Sive, indeed. 10:00pm: John 98 asks when Im going to get around to looking at his article. I flatly say 11pm, under the impression it wont take that long. 10:07pm: Im finally done with looking at the women faculty piece, which Margaret plans to further revise. 10:35pm: I dont even know how this came up, but somewhere it was noted that there are people in Bexley too. Oh, I think it was about their “student representative, which was a cat or Naked Abe Lincoln or something apparently more bizarre than Naked Abe Lincoln. 11:17pm: I call Rebecca to ask a question about her article, which is on a proposal to replace the UA Senate with a new Council. Hearing some commotion in the background, she says, “It sounds like there are a lot of people there! Maybe, I should stop by later… Given the late hour, things only went downhill from here. 11:18pm: Im finished with looking at Rebeccas article, which is about proposed reforms to the UA. 11:22pm: Its that time of the night when someone is asked to get Prod Munchies, which are named after the Production department â€" responsible for, among other things, the physical layout of the paper. Prod is generally the last department to remain in the office, although there are generally still tons of people when the Munchies â€" basically snacks from LaVerdes â€" come in. 11:29pm: I discover that our slightly eccentric John 98 has a mysterious and apparently “endless flow of $2 bills. So, I make change for $10; I now have five $2 bills that I try to pass off to confused cashiers in Cambridge. 11:40pm: And the Prod Munchies are here! Standard fare: popcorn, ice cream sandwiches, and popsicles. I didnt even have to request the ice cream sandwiches this time. 11:55pm: Im finished with Johns article (the last article), which is about the selection of Maya Lin as architect for Novartis new campus. 12:30am: Its around this time I dont even want to multi-task. The office seems to quiet down and focus solely on doing the issue, as its past midnight and the issue is supposed to be out by 1am. Yeah, thats not going to happen. 1:02am: Okay, Im finished with articles after looking at the women faculty article again; this piece just went through so many iterations, and it was so long! But Issue Night is still far from over, even though we were supposed to be done by now. 1:34am: I just want to go home now. 1:46am: Slowly becoming overcome by the desire to sleep, I am requested to do World and Nation (where we feature articles from The New York Times about national and global issues) â€" relieving our copyeditor, Michelle 14, who isnt even supposed to be doing the World and Nation section. 2:29am: Apparently in honor of April Fools Day, the cursor on all of the screens suddenly grew to ten times normal size. We blame our technology director, Quentin 10. 2:48am: Its snowing! Yes, it is officially April and it is snowing. Granted, this is no blizzard â€" just a light covering on grassy areas â€" but the snowflakes were so large, they led our production editor Connor 13 to wonder whether someone was simply dropping feathers off the top of the Student Center. 2:57am: “Whats the latest time weve finished an issue? 3:30am: After putting off World and Nation until the last possible moment (writing headlines and looking at every other piece of content), I finally get around to completing it. With everything in place in the paper (thanks Prod!), the only thing left is to review all the pages for any final errors. 3:33am: Around this time, Ethan thanks me for sticking around, saying other news editors might have been tempted to leave around 1am and ask him to finish everything. Wait, you mean I could have left? 3:45am: Everyones gathered around the main table looking at all of the pages. Ethans job is sign all pages he believes are ready. This generally takes several go-arounds per page. 4:02am: All the pages are signed. The issue is done. Well, okay, Prod has to stay a bit longer to make sure the issue is probably uploaded to the printer and to our website. 4:15am: For luckily only the second time this term, I didnt have the energy to go back to Baker and fell asleep in the office. Unfortunately, I had a 9am class â€" and this post.

I See Myself Fitting Into Society As An Intermediate Member

Currently I see myself fitting into society as an intermediate member. I haven’t reached my end goal in terms of career, but I still am a member of the work force. My job may not be my end goal, but it is still a contributing factor in society. I also consider myself a millennial which separates me from older generations. Truthfully where you fit into society is tied to perspective and how you view yourself in comparison to others. As for problems that I wish to solve within society they mainly relate to my future career goals. I feel the education system as it stand currently is ineffective in preparing our youth for a promising future. I wish to be an active participant in creating more effective pedagogy. Not all issues I wish to solve†¦show more content†¦I had been a teacher’s assistant my junior and senior year and was often given the ability to help educate students, but I never felt I was as successful as I could have been. Attending college gives me th e ability to enter a program specifically designed to further my ability as a teacher. Another reason for attending college is it offers a chance for me to stretch my comfort zone. I have dealt with general anxiety for almost all my lifetime. Much of this anxiety spurs from school. Although it adds more pressure within my life, I am being given opportunities to learn coping mechanisms. While researching areas within sociology, two piqued my interest. The first being The sociology of sexuality. This is more of a personal interest than a career related one. Growing up as a homosexual male I often experienced difficult situations. Understanding deeper on the interlacing of sexualities within a society seems interesting. During my youth I received harassment from my peers, and through a sociological standpoint I should analyze this and apply prevention methods within my career field of education. Most of the harassment I received was presented during school hours, and thus any progress I can personally make to ease LGBT+ youth’s progression through the school system is both personally rewarding but also rewarding the student’s lives as well. This ties nicely into my second area thatShow MoreRelatedConsuming Video Games Essay2239 Words   |  9 Pagesa significant part of many people’s daily lives. PC and game consoles as leisure technologies chang ed significantly during the last 20 years from simple games with basic graphics to intermediates between reality and fantasy, making it hard to distinguish what is hyperreality and what is not. Graphically ingenious (see Figure 1), with scenes and stories accompanied by realistic music and sounds, nowadays’ games contain 3-dimensional graphics of highly complex content and details, depicting naturalRead MoreMarketing Research Kfc13571 Words   |  55 Pages| A | A | Occupation | Student | Student | Location | Lahore | Lahore | Product usage | Medium – Heavy | Heavy | Personality | Extrovert | Developing personality | No. of participants | 8 | 8 | Place of focus group conduct | LSE | TEC Society | Basically, we have selected both males and females to conduct our focus group analysis to get a detailed outline of fast food users. 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U.S. States Named After Kings and Queens

Seven of the  U.S. states are named after sovereigns  Ã¢â‚¬â€ four are named for kings and three are named for queens. These include some of the oldest colonies and territories in what is now the United States and the royal names paid tribute to the rulers of either France and England. The list of states includes Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. Can you guess which kings and queens inspired each name? The 'Carolinas' Have British Royalty Roots North and South Carolina have a long and complicated history. Two of the 13 original colonies, they began as a single colony  but were divided shortly after because it was too much land to govern. The name Carolina  is often attributed as an honor of King Charles I of England (1625-1649), yet that is not entirely true.   What is fact is that  Charles is Carolus in Latin and that inspired Carolina. However, the French explorer, Jean Ribault first called the region Carolina when he tried colonizing Florida in the 1560s. During that time, he established an outpost known as Charlesfort in what is now South Carolina. The French King at the time? Charles IX who was crowned in 1560. When the British colonists established their settlements in the Carolinas, it was shortly after the 1649  execution of  King Charles I of England and they retained the name in his honor. When his son took over the crown in 1661, the colonies were also an honor to his rule. In a way, the Carolinas pay tribute to all three King Charles. 'Georgia' Was Inspired by a British King Georgia was one of the original 13 colonies that became the United States. It was the last colony established and it became official in 1732, just five years after King George II was crowned King of England. The name  Georgia  was clearly inspired by the new king. The suffix -ia  was used often by the colonizing nations when naming new lands in honor of important people. King George II did not live long enough to see his namesake become a state. He died in 1760 and was succeeded by his grandson, King George III, who reigned during the American Revolutionary War. 'Louisiana' Has French Origins In 1671, French explorers claimed a large portion of central North America for France. They named the area in honor of King Louis XIV, who reigned from 1643 until his death in 1715. The name  Louisiana  begins with a clear reference to the king. The suffix  -iana  is often used to refer to a collection of objects in regards to the collector. Therefore, we can loosely associate  Louisiana  as a collection of lands owned by King Louis XIV. This territory became known as the Louisiana Territory and was purchased by Thomas Jefferson in 1803. In total, the Louisiana Purchase was for 828,000 square miles between the Mississippi River and the  Rocky Mountains. The state of Louisiana formed the southern border and became a state in 1812. 'Maryland' Was Named After a British Queen Maryland also has an association with King Charles I yet, in this case, it was named for his wife.   George Calvert was granted a charter in 1632 for a region east of the Potomac. The first settlement was St. Marys and the territory was named Maryland. All of this was in honor of Henrietta Maria, queen consort of Charles I of England and daughter of King Henry IV of France. The 'Virginias' Were Named for a Virgin Queen Virginia (and subsequently West Virginia) was settled by Sir Walter Raleigh in 1584. He named this new land after the English monarch of the time, Queen Elizabeth I. But how did he get Virginia  out of Elizabeth? Elizabeth I was crowned in 1559 and died in 1603. During her 44 years as queen, she  never married and she earned the nickname of the Virgin Queen. That is how the Virginias got their name, but whether the monarch was true in her virginity is a matter of much debate and speculation.

Ethics Essay Example

Essays on Ethics Essay Essay Ethics Essay Treasury Secretary Henry Merritt â€Å"Hank† Paulson revealed inside information with regards to the plans made by the government to takeoverFannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which are government mortgage servicers. The information was revealed by Former Treasury Secretary Hank Paulson to the top hedge fund executives during the times of financial meltdown. Hank Paulson addressed the issues in a meeting that took place in Manhattan, at the hedge funds headquarters and informed the fund managers that government might seize Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and might annihilate their stocks (Teitelbaum, â€Å"Personal Finance†). It can be stated that the case is related to insider trading. Most of the legal experts revealed that the issue revealed by Hank Paulson cannot be considered as illegal since although Hank Paulson shared sensitive data, he did not derive any personal profits from such trading. However, when viewed from legal viewpoints such acts of any individual can be considered as wrong doing and is completely illegal. It was noted that quasi government agencies which had ‘mortgage-backed securities’ together with other debts offered the hedge fund insiders to make huge profits that they made from the inside information which was shared with them by Hank Paulson. Ethically, such issues can be considered as wrong because it may weaken the trust in vital public institutions such as the Department of Treasury. The impact of the disclosure of such material related to non-public information would be that the clients would stop trading the shares of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and some of the groups of managers might be profited off because of the information that was provided by Hank Paulson. The only party at fault has been Hank Paulson and it can be stated that since the information had not actually been used by the fund managers for their benefits, therefore they are not at fault. Hank Paulson must be reprimanded for his unethical behavior and for violating the laws. The reason for reprimand is the unethical behavior of Hank Paulson and his intentions to harm the interest of the department. If reprimand does take place, then it would prevent any person from taking such illegal actions in the near future and by taking stringent measures, government and companies can prevent such abusive market activities from taking place. Punitive actions need to be taken against Hank Paulson for the uneth ical acts. It has been found that insider trading has always undermined the proficient as well as efficient functioning of free market. It is also considered as economically inefficient. Insider trading is generally exploitation of the information and therefore no one must be benefited because of such exploitations. Section 10(b) and 14(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1939 has offered Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) the power to seek a court order that demands the violators to return back their trading profits. Though the case of insider trading conducted by Hank Paulson was not much severe, he must still be penalized for the offence committed. He must also be taken out from the position that he holds in the department (University of Cincinnati, â€Å"Securities Lawyers Desktop†). It can be concluded that it is quite significant for the companies to prevent insider trading from taking place because it tends to have an enduring detrimental impact on the offenders. It is significant for the companies’ to train the employees to understand the ill effects of insider trading (Barr, â€Å"Outside Counsel†). Works Cited Barr, Evan, T. â€Å"Outside Counsel†. January 21, 2012. Insider Trading: Making Punishment Fit The Crime, 2005. Teitelbaum, Richard. â€Å"Personal Finance†. January 21, 2012. How Paulson Gave Hedge Funds Advance Word of Fannie Mae Rescue, 2011. . University of Cincinnati. â€Å"Securities Lawyers Desktop†. January 21, 2012. Section 21A -- Civil Penalties for Insider Trading, 2011.

Importance of Learning Indigenous Australian- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theImportance of Learning Indigenous Australianfor Nurses. Answer: History and culture defines an individual or community way of thinking, communication and what of value and important in their life. History shape the present time and determine how people think about their future. Culture, being a part of human lives, influences values, views, hopes, loyalties, fears and worries (Ford, 2012). The indigenous Australian comprise of Torres Strait Islander and Aboriginal. The Indigenous Australians have their history dating back 75000 years. They are amongst the world oldest cultures and demand consideration and respect (Mitrou et al., 2014). The indigenous Australian culture has been adversely affected when Australia was colonized by Great Britain and its impact is felt to date. The historical injustices have led to the most problems experienced among the Aboriginals and Torres Islanders communities and continually shape their lives. Understanding culture and history enables a professional to build relationships with individuals and community that help to attain effective delivery of services. Therefore, it important for professional working closely with indigenous communities to understand their past and culture in order to successfully deliver on their workplace. The following essay critically discusses the importance and value of nurse professionals completing a course in introduction to indigenous Australia. This will involve exploring the usefulness of learning about the histories and culture of Indigenous Australians and the impact of the past to future generation. The essay will also discuss the issues of cultural differences and diversity. Nursing as a profession in health care sector plays an important role on caring for families, individuals, and communities so that they can attain, recover or maintain optimal health. Nurses are involved promotion, protection, and optimization of health, facilitation of healing, prevention of injury and illness, alleviation of suffering and advocacy of care to group, communities, families, individuals, or special population (Shepherd, Li, Mitrou, Zubrick, 2012). Nurses aim to improve quality of life through optimal health care. Nurses work closely with Indigenous Australians and it necessary for them to understand their history and culture to deliver optimal. First, nurses completing the unit on introduction to indigenous Australia will be able to understand health in Torres Strait Islander and Aboriginal context. Health is viewed in a more holistic content as compared to non-indigenous Australians. Health encompasses physical and mental health, culture and spiritual health. In addition, land is central to indigenous Australians wellbeing (Downing, Kowal, Paradies, 2011). This is different from the non indigenous Australian where health is viewed as mental and physical wellness with land playing not part of wellbeing. The nurses have to understand that in order to achieve optimal health among indigenous Australians they have to enhance harmony of interrelations of physical and mental health, culture and spiritual health. Otherwise, the individual unwell health will persist. Secondly, it important for nurses to understand the indigenous Australian history contest and its impact. Nurses working with Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander need to have sound understanding of Australian history since colonization. The Australian history has profound impact that has influence on the contemporary life. The indigenous Australia history from pre-colonization, colonization, white assimilation to stolen generation has created disruption that require understanding to solve the health problem of Aboriginals and Torres Islander(Mitrou et al., 2014). The history of indigenous Australians is a social determinant of health to their contemporary life. The indigenous people were subjection to colonization led to increased substance abuse and mental health unwell being. Colonization led to loss of culture and traditional ways, people and communities (Paradies, 2016). The people got disconnected to traditional law, food, language, and cultural practices. The indigenous were therefore unable to resist new diseases that caused significant deaths and ongoing health problems. Nurses will therefore be able to understand the beginning of the health problem that the Aboriginal and Torres Islanders face in Australia. The nurses will also be able to understand the reason behind the indigenous Australians behavior. Secondly, nurses are able to understand the impact of colonization to mental health. The nurses are able to understand histories of colonization, removal of children and assimilation policies are the causes of traumatic distress, physical ill-health, chronic anxiety, depression and substance abuse in the indigenous lives today (Gracey, King, 2009).. The nurses then are able to understand the impact of history that has continually affected the lives of indigenous Australians. This will help nurses formulate appropriate health care promotion strategies that aim to solve root cause of the problem and not just the symptoms. Understanding the root cause will also enable nurses to advocate for health policies holistically solve the history injustice causing unwell being among indigenous Australians. The nurses will also be able to appreciate the indigenous people culture, traditions, and beliefs. Nurses will get expose to indigenous people traditions, culture, and beliefs. Culture, traditions, and beliefs shapes ones thinking, attitude, and perception that influence the human behavior. The course explores important concepts such as living under the Act, self determination, arts, and indigenous identity. These concepts are important to nursing professionals in learning how to appreciate the indigenous people way of living. The impact of historical injustice, assimilation, and children separation has a profound impact on the future generations of indigenous people on how they integrate with the non indigenous Australians (Parker et al., 2012). Appreciation of the indigenous people will enable the nurses to widen the scope of health care provision. The completion of studying indigenous history will also enable the nurses recognize the European invasion was as the direct outcome of the contemporary experienced unwell being among indigenous Australia. The Europeans caused cultural disruption that led to cultural unwell being. This cause the indigenous people to fear to be treated by white nurses (Garnett et al., 2009). It also causes mistrust between the indigenous people and the white professionals. Recognizing this fact will enable the nurses to start a reconciliation and building of trust while working with indigenous people. Failure to reconcile and build trust can lead to patients from Aboriginals and Torres Islanders refusing to attend to medical attention fearing that they will die in the hands of white nurse or doctors (Whelan Wright, 2013). The nurses will also be able to recognize the role of kinship, family, and community in administering health care. Recognition will help the nurses incorporate a wide scope and invol ve the family and builds trust in order to undertake their activities effectively and deliver quality health care to indigenous communities. Lastly, completing the course will enable nurses to attain culture competence skills. The nurses will be able to interact effectively with indigenous people. Nurses will understand, appreciate, and recognize indigenous people traditions, beliefs, and culture (Mitrou et al., 2014). The nurses will be able to understand the expected behaviors from indigenous people. The nurses will not look down or stop them proceeding to practice their traditions, or beliefs. The nurses will encourage them to participate and align the practices to attain harmony that will lead to healthy life of the patient. Appreciating the indigenous culture will enable the nurses to incorporate the culture in their treatment. For instance, the nurses can use the indigenous community arts in healthy centers or community ambulances to create a sense of belonging to the community. Appreciation will therefore create an enabling environment where the indigenous people will feel appreciated and will visit for health chec kups or medical attention. Cultural competence also enable the nurses recognize the cultural practices, traditions and beliefs. This will build successful relationship that will be used to provide quality health care. Culture compete is therefore important for nurses to effectively deliver quality health care to indigenous people that meet their cultural, social and linguistic need. From the discussion of the essay, the completion of introduction to indigenous Australia is an important study to nurses who will work with indigenous communities. The course exposes nurses to history of indigenous people before colonization, during colonization, assimilation, and stolen generation. The course is important to nursing profession because of nature of their work that require trust, relationships and understanding. Nursing professionals are able to appreciate, understand, recognize, and acquire cultural competence from the course that are useful in delivering effective health care to indigenous people. Appreciating, understanding and recognizing indigenous people culture is importance to settling cultural differences and encouraging diversity among the indigenous and non indigenous Australians. Therefore, the essay concludes that introduction to indigenous Australia is an important course that extends understanding, appreciation, recognition and enhances cultural compete nce skills that professionals can use when working with indigenous communities in Australia. References Downing, R., Kowal, E., Paradies, Y. (2011). Indigenous cultural training for health workers in Australia. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 23(3), 247257. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzr008 Ford, J. D. (2012). Indigenous health and climate change. American Journal of Public Health, 102(7), 12601266. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.300752 Garnett, S. T., Sithole, B., Whitehead, P. J., Burgess, C. P., Johnston, F. H., Lea, T. (2009). Healthy country, healthy people: Policy implications of links between indigenous human health and environmental condition in tropical Australia. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 68(1), 5366. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8500.2008.00609.x Mitrou, F., Cooke, M., Lawrence, D., Povah, D., Mobilia, E., Guimond, E., Zubrick, S. R. (2014). Gaps in Indigenous disadvantage not closing: A census cohort study of social determinants of health in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand from 1981-2006. BMC Public Health, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-201 Paradies, Y. (2016). Colonisation, racism and indigenous health. Journal of Population Research, 33(1), 8396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12546-016-9159-y Parker, E. J., Misan, G., Chong, A., Mills, H., Roberts-Thomson, K., Horowitz, A. M., Jamieson, L. M. (2012). An oral health literacy intervention for Indigenous adults in a rural setting in Australia. BMC Public Health, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-461 Shepherd, C. C. J., Li, J., Mitrou, F., Zubrick, S. R. (2012). Socioeconomic disparities in the mental health of Indigenous children in Western Australia. BMC Public Health, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-756 Whelan, S., Wright, D. J. (2013). Health services use and lifestyle choices of Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Social Science and Medicine, 84, 112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.02.013

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Suspension Definition in Chemistry

Suspension Definition in Chemistry Mixtures may be classified according to their properties. A suspension is one type of mixture. Key Takeaways: Suspension Chemistry Definition A suspension is a type of heterogeneous mixture.Over time, particles in a suspension will settle out.A suspension contains larger particles than are found in a colloid. In a colloid, the particles remain mixed over time. Suspension Definition In chemistry, a  suspension is a heterogeneous mixture of a fluid and solid particles. In order to be a suspension, the particles must not dissolve in the fluid. A suspension of liquid or solid particles in a gas is called an aerosol. Examples of Suspensions Suspensions may be formed by shaking oil and water together, oil and mercury together, by mixing dust in air. Suspension Versus Colloid The difference between a suspension and a  colloid  is the solid particles in a suspension will settle out over time. In other words, the particles in a suspension are large enough to permit sedimentation.

An account of an argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

An account of an argument - Essay Example The fire engine from the New York fire department with its ladders could not go beyond the sixth floor and the safety nets that had been put in place could not sustain the weight of the people jumping in to them. A question that remains unanswered is where are the children who were working in the factory since official reports of the dead workers did not include children in it. The report was modified to include some few teenagers who died in order to meet the requirements of labour law in those days. Another recent tragedy happened in 1993 in Thailand when the factory of the Kader Industrial Toy Company was burnt. Among the 188 victims of the fire, most of them were described as teenage girls, however the actual figure may never be known, as a large number of workers in such factories are children. In another fire incident in November 25, 2000, at the Chowdhury Knitwear and Garment factory near Dhaka, Bangladesh, which killed 52 people, 10 of them were reported to be girls aged betw een 10 and 14 years. A more recent case is in the KTS Composite Textile factory fire in Chittagong, Bangladesh where the official reports record the death toll at around 50 but other sources claim the number of deaths was more than 80 (Weber, n.d). One of the argument strategies that the author has used is the inductive style, which is a form of logical argument that uses examples to illustrate the main point. This form of argument uses examples from the beginning to the end and the main question that the readers ask themselves is whether there are enough examples and whether those examples are relevant to the issue being addressed. In the ‘factories of lost children,’ the author has used several examples of fire tragedies where the casualties, who are mainly underage children, have not been reported due to labor laws regarding child labor. The main examples that the author has used include the fire tragedy in Asch building, which is in Washington square in

European Unions Agricultural Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

European Unions Agricultural Policy - Essay Example All these formal rules, including the European Union agricultural policy, are aimed in initiating economic change. Along with globalisation which promotes global free trade, the need for trade policies of importing and exporting products has to exacting under trade liberalisation laws. In June 2003, European Union (EU) farm ministers has reached the final compromise reform package has strayed a long way from the original agricultural policy that had been formulated in 1992. The deal confirms the concept of 'partial decoupling', which was introduced this year, although member states have the option of a further two-year delay. The agreement also boosts the EU's rural development ambitions with a deal on compulsory 'modulation'. But although butter and SMP prices are to be cut, milk quota increases are delayed, and the cereals intervention price will remain unchanged (Agra Europe, 2003). With trade liberalization under the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GATT), hundreds enthusiastically adopted the regional trading arrangements that proliferated since its birth. The success recorded in the liberalization of international trade in the manufacturing sector has thus been matched by a reverse process of ever-escalating protection and subsidization in the agricultural sector. Could these agricultural policies drafted by the European Union promote more benefits or is this just another framework that would lead numerous promotion of selfish interests among bigger nations against smaller agricultural countries Long History Wielding their basic aim which is to increase agricultural production, ensure a fair standard of living for farmers, stabilise markets and guarantee the availability of supplies for consumers at reasonable prices, the EU agricultural policy has indeed come a long way. The pioneering principles of agricultural policy have been set out at Stresa Conference in July 1958., The CAP mechanisms were adopted in 1960 by the six founding member states and two years later, in 1962, the CAP came into force. The former CAP (Common Agricultural Policy) reform of the early 1990s can be viewed as a significant step toward increased economic efficiency in European agricultural sector. The major changes are essentially the introduction of compensatory payments and price support levels closer to long-run expected world prices. These changes essentially apply to the grain sector and, to a lesser extent, the beef sector. The 1990s was a crucial decade because of the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) negotiations has culminated in new trade agreements, including the Agreement on Agriculture. In North America, the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement was broadened to include Mexico under the North America Free Trade Agreement. The World Trade Organization (WTO) supplanted GATT as the institution overseeing the resolution of international trade disputes and providing the organizational framework for new trade negotiations. The effects of the creation of the new institution and the continuing impact of regional trade blocs on agricultural trade received much attention among the affected policy communities. Several important issues began to emerge that would provide much of the impetus for future discussion and

Horse And Rider Archetypes In Canterbury Tales English Literature Essay

Horse And Rider Archetypes In Canterbury Tales English Literature Essay Several works have brought about various The Canterbury Tales aspects. However, only a few of these works have recognized and given credit to the horses which are one of the characters mentioned by Chaucer. The aim of this essay is to try to bring out the significance of these characters which often go unnoticed thereby remaining neglected. The realization of these characters assists in filling an important fissure in the comprehending as well as appreciating the great work of Chaucer. The main purpose of this essay is to illustrate that Chaucer made the choice of mentioning pilgrims horses not only for the sake of aesthetic detail but for figurative alongside actual narrative purposes as well. The horses bring out more information concerning the pilgrims dressing manners in addition to physical features. As the horses act as an indication of the pilgrims social condition, they in addition give a hint on the moral character of a certain character. Even though the appearance of horses in the whole of The Canterbury Tales is minimal; they make a provision for one to draw an insight on the Chaucers vivid menagerie. In the Canterbury Tales; Chaucer has made reference to the horse for a number of times. In an approximation he has actually mentioned them for more than hundred and fifty times. Particularly, these solid references are mostly either proverbial terminologies or images which give reflections on the horses common notions thus giving an illustration of the relationship between characters in respect to their animal qualities, passions alongside stately status. It comes as no surprise to have Chaucers travelers mounted as pilgrims usually used the horses during pilgrimages. Nevertheless, Chaucer oddly makes a specification of eight pilgrim mounts, that is; Baths wife took her ride on an ambler, the Plowman rode a mare, and the palfrey was for the Monk while the reeve rode a stot. Though Chaucer maintains that the horses are simply normal animals helpful to man, he could not have given such a detailed description if that was the only reason he used them. Most likely, Chaucer used the horse archetypes so as to make an illustration; though subtly, of the pilgrims rank within the society alongside the individuals real moral character. For example, Chaucer allocates the mare to the Plowman which is a low class mount meant only for the most poor people in society. However, as the Plowman meekly acknowledges his personal social status, he rides the mare happily and thereby embodies a morality level of high standards because he never pretends to be what he is actually not. As a careful craftsman, Chaucer seems to possess a particular use for each detail, together with the pilgrims horses description. People such as Beryl Rowland have alleged that the mount mostly gave reflection of a riders disposition. Actually, the horse type allocated to every pilgrim tends to give a hint on various character traits. Seventeen pilgrims have in a certain time been defined relative to their individual horses; some of them in just one or two lines while others such as the Monk alongside the Canon in substantial detail. On top of the overall prologue, Chaucer has also mentioned horses within a number of the individual tales themselves, with the Reeves Tale having the greatest number of horses mention. For instance, Bayard, a slack horse, has been used within Reeves Tale to give a depiction of the clerks as well as the millers status, nature, freedom and their sexual desires. Amongst the core Canterbury Tales attractions is Chaucers capability to bring out his characters uniquely as well as universally (Chaucer 109). Even though each pilgrim turns out as a unique stranger, he or she possesses a great deal of appeal to the audience as within every pilgrim lay specific fundamental human aspects. These human aspects seem to reveal Chaucers lively characters cast together, although what remains more appealing is their peculiarity and oddness: By the means of individual characterization, Chaucer develops a human, all mans image. Certain mount types have been used to illustrate the pilgrims nature whereas characters equestrian habits bring out, mostly more effectively, the inner nature of the pilgrims. Chaucer definitely introduces characters oblique moral judgement on the basis of their individual riding habits. For instance, Chaucer portrays the Squire as a young, passionate man who is Cuteisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦., lowly, and Servyable ( Chaucer 99). Which fits the Wel koudeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.sitte on hors and faire ryde line (94). By stating that it would have been not understandable to have the handsome, worthy honorable Knights son ride clumsily on his steed, Chaucer brings out Squires equestrian abilities. In accordance to the social conventions of a young man of his class Chaucers Squire assimilates the archetype as all squires were considered as proficient in horsemanship. Chaucer applies furthe r rider archetypes to the Clerk as well as Merchant. The Merchant is shown as one who talks his resonsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.ful solemnly (Chaucer 274) as well as utilizes wel his bisette (279) rightfully rides hye on [his] horse (Chaucer 271). Similarly the reserved clerk, rides coy and stille as doth a maydeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦new espoused (1-2) fittingly puts across how pilgrims moral alongside personal nature is reflected by their riding ability. Chaucer initially conducts an examination of the Knight together with his son; Squire who are his most noble plus aristocratic characters before describing the pilgrims in detail which assists in the better understanding of the horses effect in the medieval society status. Chaucers Knight appropriately takes after the Knights archetype as just like most of the other knights, fights for aristocracy membership. Ful worthy was he in his lordes were (Chaucer 47). In overall, certain pilgrims mounts contribute to the tales realism in addition to subtle and thereby Chaucer actually had a purpose by using them. Work Cited Chaucer Geoffrey. (1775). Canterbury Tales. London, U.K: Mews-gate press

Walcotts Collected Poems and Roys The God of Small Things :: comparison compare contrast essays

Post-Colonial and Post-Modernist View of Walcott's Collected Poems and Roy's The God of Small Things      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "Language was not so much a distinguishing sign of a soul or spirituality, which animals do not possess, as a social practice which enhanced survival of the species"-Nietzche. Nietzche reminded twentieth century intellectuals of the decisive role of language in the construction of human experience of 'reality'. With his 'perspectivism' and relativism, truth, whether artistic or scientific was seen as a social matter and a linguistic product, the displacement of one set of figures of speech by another, with knowledge the interrelations of signifiers in a field of experience made of prior interpretations. (Irving Howe, 80).    Thus in Walcott's poems and in Roy's 'The God of Small Things' modernism was further routed by inversion of ethical values as power tools for survival and exploitation, and of art as a veil over a reality describable only as wanton, godless procreation. This conception of a dynamic world of super changed energies of unimaginable force, often in violent conflict and ever-changing relations, came to resemble Freud's concept of id.    We observe, in their writings (Walcott and Roy) the apparently rational surface of consciousness hides a mass of tangled and conflicting desires, impulses and needs. The outer person is a mere papering-over of the cracks of a split and waring complex of selves driven by life and death instincts.    Walcott in his poem 'The Divided Child' writes,    There was your heaven ! The clear glaze of another life, a landscape locked in amber, the rare gleam. The dream of reason had produced its monster : a prodigy of the wrong age and colour. (Walcott 145).    According to him, language was not the transparent tool for the objective representation of a stable reality: ethics was not expressive of a discovered system of absolute values or religion other than a desire for parental protection throughout life.    He writes in his poem 'Lampfall,' And I'm elsewhere, far as I shall ever be from you whom I behold now, Dear family, dear friends, by this still glow The lantern's ring that the sea's Never extinguished Your voices curl in the shell of my ear. (Walcott 95).    When Roy was asked in an interview, 'What does it mean to be Indian?' she replied: 'Do we ask, 'What does it mean to be American or to be British?

Philip Morris Essay

1.How would you describe Marlboro’s competitive position in early 1993? Marlboro, the leading cigarette brand for Philip Morris, was the dominant player in the premium priced market. While RJR was the second largest player in the market, RJR’s cigarette brands were fragmented. At the end of 1992, Marlboro had 24.4% unit market share, while each of the RJR brand cigarettes had less than 7% market share. Philip Morris, at 53% operating contribution margin, was significantly more profitable than RJR, at 34% operating contribution margin. Marlboro was essentially backed by the biggest, most profitable player – Philip Morris. Philip Morris was also the consistent market share leader, at least since 1988, over RJR and other much smaller companies. The industry had sustained profitability over time. There we can conclude that there are significant barriers to entry in the cigarette market. Additionally, the need for a strong distribution network with retailers and wholesalers added to the barriers to entry into the market. Threat Discussed on more detail later, Marlboro was facing stuff competition in the 90s from discount brands, particularly RJR brands. While Marlboro, a premium brand, suffered a steadily declining market share since 1989, discount brands were quickly gaining market share. 2.What is Marlboro’s marketing strategy at this time? Marlboro positioned itself as a premium brand cigarette. While it played in the discount segment as well, it was second to RJR brands in the discount segment. Marlboro spent a significant amount of money in advertising and promotions to command its premium pricing. Marlboro became synonymous with Iconic imagery such as the â€Å"Marlboro man† and wild western country images. This led to Marlboro’s strong hold amongst young men. Marlboro outspent its competitors in advertising – spending $3.5 million per percent market share in 1992, compared to $2.1 million spend per percent market share by RJR. (RJR was focused on the discount segment by 1992) Marlboro also used its market power to engage in â€Å"Trade loading†, essentially forcing retailers to forward buy and to stock up on Marlboros just before a price increase. This probably encouraged retailers to allocate more shelf space to Marlboro to get their inventories moving from their warehouses. 3.How does this compare to R.J. Reynolds? RJR focused on its discount brand. RJR had built it self to the discount segment market share leader with 33% discount segment share by 1992. RJR carried about 200 brands under its umbrella. While they had national brands, they also created individual brands for each retailer, resulting in a string distribution system. This was probably well received by the retailers since a cigarette was one of the most profitable products sold in stores. RJR not only cut price to increase discount market share, but also invested in price promotions. Their growth in the 90s had come by taking market share from premium brands during a recessionary period. 4.What accounts for Philip Morris’ dramatic shift in strategy in April 1993? What are its goals? 6. What kind of industry future does Philip Morris anticipate? Market shift (Consumer behavior and regulation) The 1990’s was a recessionary period in the US. While cigarette smokers were believed to be loyal to their brands (and are generally very sticky consumers), there was a marked shift in the emergence of discount brands. In a span of 11 years (1981- 1992), the market share for discount brands in the US went from 0 to 30%. Meanwhile, Marlboro was steadily loosing market share, loosing 2 market share percentage points from 1989 to 1992. Additionally, the regulatory climate was putting an upward pressure on price. While government taxes were on the rise, restrictions on advertising of cigarettes were emerging, both of which made selling cigarettes more expensive. It can be argued that with the rising awareness amongst consumer on the hazards of smoking this upward pressure on price from a regulatory perspective would persist in the medium term. RJR Phillp Morris was also presumably worried about the aggressive price cuts and promotions by RJR to increase its market share. Goals of Philip Morris Strategy Philip Morris needed a aggressive competitive response to tacklethe threats of: declining market share, increasing share of discount brands, regulation, and RJR’s promotions and price cuts. They decided to aggressively attack the existing discount brands and make the Philip Morris brand significantly more price competitive. Philip Morris effectively cut price by 20%, creating 2 tiers of cigarette pricing (from 3 tiers before). Their premium products were now significantly more competitive, compared with the discount brands due to their reduced price and existing strong brand image. Philip Morris were betting that a large portion of consumers would compare their premium product as price competitive with the discount brands, and would chose Marlboro due to its superior brand image and comparable prices. They essentially wanted to win the pricing game and lead with their brand. Surprisingly, they slightly increased the price of their discount brand by a mere 6 cents. This was probably to restrict the range in which the pricing war could be played by other players. Industry Outlook for Philip Morris Surely with the consumer behavior shift and the increasingly hostile regulatory climate described above, Philip Morris views the industry margins becoming thinner and realizes it will get progressively harder to get new consumers. Therefore attracting heavy smokers becomes key for growth and long term profitability. Additionally, Marlboro views the market as price sensitive, especially for heavy smokers. Attracting and retaining this segment is not only a branding game but also a pricing game as well since there is a high frequency of repeat purchases. 5.How should R.J. Reynolds respond? In my opinion, RJR needs to â€Å"make good† (option 3 below) with Philip Morris. The three options for RJR are: Fight with a further price cut or increase in advertising: not only will this option further erode industry margins, but also RJR will probably get crushed in a price/advertising war against the much larger and more efficient Philip Morris. Do nothing: and risk loss of its discount market share dominance to Philip Morris. Price increase (â€Å"make good†): Philip Morris is clearly signaling that it will play aggressively in the discount segment, and in the war for consumers moving or likely to move to the discount segment. With a slight price increase, RJR can signal to Philip Morris that it does not want to engage in a further price war, and it will maintain industry profitability. Such collaborative behavior is probably best for both players in the industry. Additionally, since RJR has a strong distribution with personalized brands for retail outlets, it should focus on building its capability in such brands. The localized brands are arguably a slightly different turf than only fighting the game as big national brands (where Marlboro is very strong with its dominant brand imagery), and local retail branding is RJRs stronghold.

Child Labor In Bangladesh Essay - 1292 Words

Introduction Child labor is a violation of children’s rights. Children engaged in labor are deprived of basic social services, such as health, nutrition, water and sanitation and education. Deprivation of these social services during childhood limits children’s opportunities to thrive and perpetuates the cycle of generational poverty. When children are engaged in the labor market, they are often out of school, jeopardizing the country’s ability to achieve the Millennium Development Goal linked to primary education and other associated goals. Objectives: The objectives of this assignment are ïÆ' ¼ Addressing the problem of child labour ïÆ' ¼ Knowing the reasons behind it ïÆ' ¼ Understanding the consequences of child labour ïÆ' ¼ Understanding its social†¦show more content†¦Out of the child laborers engaged in the work force, 83% are employed in rural areas and 17% are employed in urban areas. Employment ranges from jobs in the informal sector such as in agriculture and domestic service, to jobs in the formal sector, such as in the garment industry. Consequences of child labors Children are exposed to accidental and other injuries at work. They should thus be protected to prevent social, economic and physical harm, which persist to affect them during their lifetime. Such injuries include1 : †¢ General child injuries and abuses like cuts, burns and lacerations, fractures, tiredness and dizziness, excessive fears and nightmares. †¢ Sexual abuse, particularly sexual exploitation of girls by adults, rape, prostitution, early and unwanted pregnancy, abortion, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS, drugs and alcoholism. †¢ Physical abuse that involve corporal punishment, emotional maltreatment such as blaming, belittling, verbal attacks, rejection, humiliation and bad remarks. †¢ Emotional neglect such as deprivation of family love and affection, resulting in loneliness, and hopelessness. †¢ Physical neglect like lack of adequate provision of food, clothing, shelter and medical treatment. †¢ Lack of schooling results in missing educational qualifications and higher skills thus perpetuating their life in poverty. †¢ Competition of children with adult workers leads toShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The Garment Industry And Bangladesh1681 Words   |  7 PagesGarment Industry and Bangladesh Developing countries throughout the world have found themselves with a tremendous amount of hardships to be able to have an effective economy while developed countries continue with ease. 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